Sensory Integration is the process that occurs in all humans and refers to the input of stimuli from the sensory organs and their processing by the brain. It is “the neurological process that organizes sensation from one’s own body and from the environment and makes it possible to use the body effectively within the environment.” (Ayres, A. J., 1972).

When this process works appropriately, a person can be properly regulated and can engage freely in activities he chooses or is expected to perform, accomplishing them.

But what happens when it doesn’t work as expected?

Just imagine…

• Trying to concentrate on reading your favorite book, while at the same time you constantly feel something creepy walking over you…
• Trying to walk on an uneven road, while your feet are numb and tingling…

or even…

• Having to copy something from a whiteboard into the notebook in front of you, while the room around you is spinning…

This may be what it feels like for someone experiencing a sensory integration disorder!

Sensory Integration (SI) as a theory and method of intervention was developed by Anna Jean Ayres in 1972 and refers to how humans receive and process Tactile, Proprioceptive, Vestibular, and Visual stimuli so that they can effectively engage in activities.

In children, the implementation of the method is done through Play as both the means and the end of intervention. Characteristically, A. J. Ayres stated that: “When the therapist is doing her job effectively and the child is organizing his nervous system, it looks as if the child is merely playing.” (Ayres, A. J., 2005).

References

Ayres, A. Jean (1972). Sensory integration and learning disorders. Western Psychological Services.

Ayres, A. J. (1972). Types of sensory integrative dysfunction among disabled learners. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 26(1), 13–18. 

Ayres, A. J. (2005). Sensory integration and the child: Understanding hidden sensory challenges (25th anniversary edition). Western Psychological Services

Williamson, G. G., & Anzalone, M. E. (2001). Sensory integration and self-regulation in infants and toddlers: Helping very young children interact with their environment. Zero to Three.

Roley, S. S., Blanche, E. I., & Schaaf, R. C. (2001). Understanding the nature of sensory integration with diverse populations. Therapy Skill Builders.

Schaaf, R. C., & Mailloux, Z. (2015). Clinician’s guide for implementing ayres sensory integration: Promoting participation for children with autism. AOTA Press.

Schaaf, R. C., & Roley, S. S. (2006). Sensory integration: Applying clinical reasoning to practice with diverse populations. PRO-ED, Inc.

Bundy, A. C., & Lane, S. J. (2020). Sensory integration: Theory and practice (3rd ed.). F.A.Davis.